Influence of socioeconomic status on ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in Mexico

Eduardo Barragán-Hernández, Cardiología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
Rodrigo Gopar-Nieto, Unidad de Urgencias y Cuidados Coronarios, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México

Objective: In different countries, the impact of the socioeconomic status (SES) associated with different cardiovascular risk factors, incidence, and outcomes, including mortality, has been described. The objective was to determine the in-hospital survival in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with a pharmacoinvasive strategy according to their SES. Method: A retrospective, unicentric, cohort-type observational study was carried out, involving 694 patients diagnosed with STEMI from March 2018 to April 2022 treated with a pharmacoinvasive strategy. Results: The study population was young, with an average age of 58 years. Systemic arterial hypertension, smoking, and diabetes were the most prevalent risk factors in the population regardless of SES. Chronic kidney disease was more prevalent in the SES ≥ 2 group. There were no differences in mortality; the total ischemic time was an average of 5 hours for both groups. There were no significant differences in the times and final outcomes of pharmacoinvasive therapy, with percentiles 25-75 of 6.9 to 48 h, and with a success rate of 62.7%. Conclusions: The SES does not have an influence on the characteristics of the population and immediate outcomes, which is consistent with reports from countries with universal healthcare services, unlike countries with greater healthcare system restrictions due to the use of insurers.

Keywords: Socioeconomic status. STEMI. Pharmaco-invasive strategy. Healthcare system. Mexico.