Impact of diabetes on cardiovascular risk in patients with dyslipidemia

Gregorio Peña-Rodríguez, Medicina Familiar, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 48, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Chih., México
Ana G. Gallardo-Hernández, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Metabólicas, Siglo XXI, Coordinación de Investigación, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
Cindy G. Llerena-García, Medicina Familiar, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 48, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Chih., México
Martha A. Maldonado-Burgos, Coordinación de Planeación y Enlace Institucional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Chihuahua, Chih. México
Eloísa Escobedo-Naurisa, Medicina Familiar, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 48, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Chih., México

Objective: To determine the impact of diabetes on cardiovascular risk in patients with dyslipidemia. Method: Observational, cross-sectional and comparative study in which cardiovascular risk was determined at 10 years in 100 patients with dyslipidemia, of these, 50 non-diabetic patients and 50 diabetic patients. Results: Both groups had similar characteristics in terms of age, blood pressure figures, average body mass index, and HDL and LDL levels. It was observed that the diabetic group has almost double the risk compared to the dyslipidemia group, 13.7 vs. 7.9 (p = 0.014), and the calculated heart age is also higher in patients with diabetes, 80 vs. 66 years (p = 0.003). Even in patients with diabetes there is a greater difference between the real age and the age of the heart, 24 years vs. 15 years of patients without diabetes (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Having diabetes and dyslipidemia doubles the cardiovascular risk of patients. Little metabolic control was found in the population studied, which significantly increases complications at an early age and the economic burden on the health system and the families of patients, so it is necessary to rethink treatment strategies to improve metabolic control and with it the prognosis for the patient in the long term.

Keywords: Dyslipidemia. Cardiovascular risk. Diabetes.